Tech large Google detailed its Ironwood TPU Superpod resolution at Sizzling Chips 2025. The brand new system delivers a efficiency improve of over 16 instances in comparison with the earlier era.
On the Sizzling Chips 2025 occasion, Google shared detailed details about its next-generation synthetic intelligence accelerator, “Ironwood” TPU Superpod, which was launched in latest months. This method, constructed on the corporate’s seventh era TPU structure, gives a large efficiency enhance in comparison with earlier generations.
The Ironwood TPU comes with 9216 chips in every pod, 192 GB of HBM reminiscence per chip, and a processing energy of 4614 TFLOPs. These figures correspond to greater than 16 instances the efficiency supplied by the TPU v4 launched in 2022. This large construction can obtain a complete computing energy of 42.5 Exaflops.
The corporate claims that Ironwood is 24 instances quicker than related system segments of El Capitan, often called the world’s strongest supercomputer. Google makes this comparability based mostly on FP8, however El Capitan, which gives 1.7 Exaflops, doesn’t help this.
Ironwood Resolution Detailed
The TPU v4 reached 275 TFLOPs with 4096 chips and 32 GB of HBM reminiscence per chip, whereas the TPU v5p, which arrived a 12 months later, supplied 8960 chips, 95 GB of reminiscence, and a capability of 459 TFLOPs. Ironwood raises this bar a lot increased.
On the coronary heart of Ironwood is the brand new era Ironwood SoC. 4 chips are positioned on every motherboard, and 16 motherboards are mixed to kind a rack. This construction is designed as a modular block of 64 chips. Google connects these blocks utilizing a community structure known as 3D Torus. This 4x4x4 construction supplies low latency and excessive flexibility in information communication.
The system additionally makes use of Google’s InterChip Interconnect (ICI) expertise. This allows scalability as much as 43 blocks, attaining a community capability of 1.8 petabytes. An Ironwood Superpod incorporates a complete of 144 racks. Moreover, optical change instances and liquid cooling models are integral components of this construction. Google helps your complete system with hybrid connection applied sciences. This implies copper connections on the motherboard are mixed with fiber optic strains to offer each flexibility and excessive bandwidth.
On the power entrance, every rack operates with a customized energy distribution that converts a 416-volt AC enter to a DC output. All the system is liquid-cooled, and a single rack can devour over 100 kW of energy.
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