The Ethereum Basis has printed a step-by-step plan to let Ethereum’s major chain validate blocks utilizing zkEVM proofs, decreasing the necessity for validators to re-run each computation themselves. The proposal, shared by way of X on Jan. 15 by Tomasz Okay. Stańczak, Co-Govt Director on the Ethereum Basis, lays out the engineering work wanted throughout Ethereum’s execution and consensus purchasers, plus new proving infrastructure and safety processes.
zkEVM on L1 – the planhttps://t.co/KLz7PoH6q9
— Tomasz Okay. Stańczak (@tkstanczak) January 15, 2026
Ethereum L1 Strikes Towards zk Proof-Primarily based Validation
Already in July final 12 months, the Ethereum Basis introduced its “zk-first” strategy. At the moment, Ethereum’s validators usually verify a block by re-executing the transactions and evaluating outcomes. The plan proposes another: validators may confirm a cryptographic proof that the block’s execution was right.
The doc summarizes the meant pipeline in plain phrases: an execution shopper produces a compact “witness” bundle for a block, a standardized zkEVM program makes use of that bundle to generate a proof of right execution, and consensus purchasers confirm that proof throughout block validation.
The primary milestone is creating an “ExecutionWitness,” a per-block information construction containing the knowledge wanted to validate execution with out re-running it. The plan requires a proper witness format in Ethereum’s execution specs, conformance exams, and a standardized RPC endpoint. It notes that the present debug_executionWitness endpoint is already “being utilized in manufacturing by Optimism’s Kona,” whereas suggesting a extra zk-friendly endpoint could also be wanted.
A key dependency is including higher monitoring of which components of state a block touches, by way of Block Degree Entry Lists (BALs). The doc says that as of November 2025, this work was not handled as pressing sufficient to be backported to earlier forks.
The following milestone is a “zkEVM visitor program,” described as stateless validation logic that checks whether or not a block produces a legitimate state transition when mixed with its witness. The plan emphasizes reproducible builds and compiling to standardized targets so assumptions are specific and verifiable.
Past Ethereum-specific code, the plan goals to standardize the interface between zkVMs and the visitor program: frequent targets, frequent methods to entry precompiles and I/O, and agreed assumptions about how applications are loaded and executed.
On the consensus aspect, the roadmap requires adjustments so consensus purchasers can settle for zk proofs as a part of beacon block validation, with accompanying specs, take a look at vectors, and an inner rollout plan. The doc additionally flags execution payload availability as vital, together with an strategy that might contain “placing the block in blobs.”
The proposal treats proof technology as an operational downside as a lot as a protocol one. It contains milestones to combine zkVMs into EF tooling equivalent to Ethproofs and Ere, take a look at GPU setups (together with “zkboost”), and monitor reliability and bottlenecks.
Benchmarking is framed as ongoing work, with specific targets like measuring witness technology time, proof creation and verification time, and the community impression of proof propagation. These measurements may feed into future fuel repricing proposals for zk-heavy workloads.
Safety can also be marked as perpetual, with plans for formal specs, monitoring, supply-chain controls like reproducible builds and artifact signing, and a documented belief and menace mannequin. The doc proposes a “go/no-go framework” for deciding when proof methods are mature sufficient for broader use.
One exterior dependency stands out: ePBS, which the doc describes as mandatory to offer provers extra time. With out it, the plan says the prover has “1–2 seconds” to create a proof; with it, “6–9 seconds.” The doc provides a two-sentence framing that captures the urgency: “This isn’t a undertaking that we’re engaged on. Nevertheless, it’s an optimization that we’d like.” It expects ePBS to be deployed in “Glamsterdam,” focused for mid-2026.
If these milestones land, Ethereum could be shifting towards proof-based validation as a sensible possibility on L1, whereas the timing and operational complexity of proving stay the gating elements.
At press time, ETH traded at $3,300.
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